“just as” (NASB, NRSV), to signify that the way God enriches believers is through the work of the Trinity, as described in verses 4–14 (Gaugler 1966:29–30). But the adverb can also have a causal sense and may be rendered “because” or “for” (Eadie 1883:18; Best 1998:119). Such an interpretation would convey that spiritual benefits are “because of” or “on the basis of” the Father’s election (1:4–6), the Son’s redemption (1:7–12), and the Spirit’s seal (1:13–14). Both concepts seem to be included: Spiritual
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